Water pollution is one of the major problem India is facing right now. The biggest source of water pollution in India is untreated sewage. There are some other sources of pollution like runoff from agriculture sector also unregulated units that are related to small scale industry. The circumstances is so critical that probably there is no water body in India that is not polluted to some extent.
In reality, it is said that about 80% of the water bodies in India are highly contaminated. This particular applies to those who are in some from or other of human habitation living nearby water bodies. Ganga and Yamuna are the most contaminated rivers in India.
Causes of water pollutions in India
One of the biggest causes of water pollutions in India is urbanization at rampant rate. The rate of urbanization has only grown at a fast pace in the last decade, but it has left an imperishable mark on India's aquatic resources. This has given rise to many environmental issues in the long run such as scarcity in water supply, production and collection of wastewater to name a few.
The treatment and disposal of wastewater has further been a significant problems in this regard. Lots of towns and cities areas near rivers has also given rise in the intensity of problems.
Uncontrolled urbanization in these locality has Causes to the production of sewage water. Water is utilised for both domestic and industrial objectives from water bodies like leaks, streams, rivers, ponds and wells. The worst case scenario is that 80% of the water that is used for domestic objectives is released in the from of wastewater. In many cases this water is not treated properly and thus cause to massive pollution of surface level freshwater.
This polluted water also seeps direct in the ground water and poison it. It is estimated that around 16,662 millions of liters of wastewater is produced in a day with more than one lakh pollution in cities. Cities and towns situated on the edge of Ganga produces about 33% of waste in the country.
Here are some additional reasons of increasing levels of water pollutions in India :
- Industrial waste
- Depletion in the amount of water in the rivers in the plains.
- Unsuitable behaviour in agriculture.
- Social and religious practices like immersing of dead bodies in water, bathing, throwing garbage in water.
- Oil leaks from ships.
- Acid rain
- Global warming
- Inadequate industrial treatment of waste
- Denitrification
Effects of water pollutions in India :
There is enormous impact on the health of energy every living beings who uses the contaminated water. At a certain level, polluted water can be hazardous to crops and can decrease the fertility of soil, thus damaging the overall agricultural sector. When sea is contaminated it can also affect marine life in bad way. The most fundamental effect of water pollution is on the quality of water, which can cause many diseases when used.
As a matter of fact, as far as India is anxious, polluted water is a major constituent behind the general low level of health in India, mostly in rural areas. Polluted water can cause diseases like Cholera, tuberculosis, jaundice, dysentery, diarrhoea etc. In fact, most of the stomach related disease is India are caused by consumption of contaminated water.
Solution of water pollution in India :
The best way to resolve these matter is by putting an end on it. The first prime solution in this condition is soil conservation. Soil erosion can also contribute to water pollution. Therefore, if soil can be preserved than water pollution can also be prevented. We can follow some steps like planting more trees, managing erosion in better way and use of farming practices that are better for soil. It is also important to follow the right steps in disposing toxic wastes. For instance, we can use products that carry small quantity of volatile organic compounds. Even in some cases where toxic stuff such as paint, cleaning supplies, and stain remover are used they required to be disposed off in precise manner.
It is also said that leaked oil is one of the main contributors to the water pollution. It is necessary to look at the machines that runs on oil, on orderly basis to check them for any oil leak. It is important after work mainly in factories and production units where oil is applied to clean up, wasted oil and either disposed it appropriately or keep it for later use.
There are few more ways in which this problems can be adequately addressed :
- Cleaning of water water ways and beaches
- Avoid using of non-biodegradable materials like plastics.
- To be more involved in different measures associated with averting water pollution.
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